中国典型病例大全

目的 观察基于认知行为疗法的心理护理在精神分裂症患者中的应用效果。方法 纳入2022年7月—2024年6月徐州医科大学附属徐州东方医院收治的60例精神分裂症患者，借助抛硬币法随机等比分为对照组（30例，采用常规护理）与研究组（30例，在对照基础上开展基于认知行为疗法的心理护理），对比两组患者护理干预后精神状态、激越行为及社会技能。结果 护理12周后，研究组患者的PANSS量表评分[一般精神病症状（16.29±1.84）分、阳性症状（9.15±1.05）分及阴性症状（9.45±1.26）分]均低于对照组[（20.32±2.43）分、（10.33±1.22）分、（10.41±1.54）分]；研究组患者的CMAI量表评分[语言性激越行为（1.26±0.39）分、躯体性非攻击行为（2.22±1.11）分及躯体性攻击行为（1.25±0.52）分]均低于对照组[（2.35±0.55）分、（3.78±1.51）分、（3.21±0.97）分]；研究组患者的SSC量表评分[处理冲突能力（4.02±0.97）分、交谈能力（7.81±1.49）分及建立关系能力（3.56±0.79）分]均低于对照组[（5.34±1.26）分、（9.19±2.23）分、（4.48±1.09）分]，上述差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 基于认知行为疗法的心理护理可改善精神分裂症患者精神状态与激越行为，促进社会技能提高。

Objective To observe the application effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy based psychological nursing in patients with schizophrenia. Methods 60 patients with schizophrenia admitted to Xuzhou Oriental People's Hospital affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University from July 2022 to June 2024 were randomly divided into a control group(30cases, receiving routine nursing) and an experiment group(30 cases, receiving cognitive-behavioral therapy based psychological nursing on the basis of the control) using a coin toss method. The mental state, agitation behavior, and social skills of the two groups of patients were compared after nursing intervention. Results After 12 weeks of nursing,the PANSS scores of the patients of the experiment group [general psychiatric symptoms(16.29 ± 1.84) points, positive symptoms(9.15 ± 1.05) points, and negative symptoms(9.45 ± 1.26) points] were lower than those of the control group [(20.32 ± 2.43) points,(10.33 ± 1.22) points,(10.41 ± 1.54) points]; the CMAI scores of the patients of the experiment group [(1.26 ± 0.39) points for verbal agitation behavior,(2.22 ± 1.11) points for physical non-aggressive behavior, and(1.25 ± 0.52) points for physical aggressive behavior] were lower than those of the control group [(2.35 ± 0.55) points,(3.78 ± 1.51) points,(3.21 ± 0.97) points]; and the SSC scores of the experiment group patients, including conflict resolution ability(4.02 ± 0.97) points, conversation ability(7.81±1.49) points, and relationship building ability(3.56 ±0.79) points, were lower than those of the control group. All the above differences are with statistical significance(P <0.05). Conclusions Psychological nursing based on cognitive-behavioral therapy can improve the mental state and agitation behavior of patients with schizophrenia, and improve their social skills.